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Infertility Introduction
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What Is Infertility Testing?
Infertility testing is the first step in understanding why pregnancy has not occurred after trying to conceive. A comprehensive fertility evaluation examines both female and male reproductive health to identify potential causes of infertility.
At NUWA Fertility Center, infertility examinations include tests that assess hormone balance, ovarian function, uterine health, fallopian tube patency, and sperm quality. Early diagnosis helps fertility specialists recommend the most appropriate treatment options and improve the chances of successful pregnancy.
Female Infertility Testing
Female infertility may be caused by issues involving the ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, or hormonal balance. Several diagnostic tests are commonly used to evaluate female fertility.
Hormone Blood Tests
Blood tests are performed to evaluate reproductive hormone levels, including:
- Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) – assesses ovarian reserve
- Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) – evaluates ovarian function
- Luteinizing Hormone (LH) – regulates ovulation
- Estradiol (E2) – reflects ovarian activity
- Prolactin (PRL) – elevated levels may affect ovulation
- Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) – thyroid function influences fertility
- Testosterone – evaluates androgen levels
These hormone tests help determine whether ovulation and ovarian function are normal.
Transvaginal Ultrasound
A transvaginal ultrasound uses a specialized probe to scan the uterus, cervix, and ovaries to obtain detailed images.
Compared with abdominal ultrasound, transvaginal ultrasound provides higher diagnostic accuracy and helps detect conditions that may affect fertility, such as:
- Uterine fibroids
- Endometrial polyps
- Ovarian cysts (including endometriomas)
- Ovarian tumors
This imaging test also allows doctors to monitor follicle development and ovarian structure.
Hysterosalpingography (HSG)
Hysterosalpingography is an X-ray examination used to evaluate the uterus and fallopian tubes.
The test helps determine:
- Whether the fallopian tubes are open or blocked
- Whether there is hydrosalpinx or tubal disease
- Whether the uterus has adhesions or structural abnormalities
Some women may experience mild and temporary discomfort during the examination, similar to mild menstrual cramps.
Hysteroscopy
Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows doctors to directly examine the uterine cavity.
This examination can identify conditions that may interfere with embryo implantation, including:
- Endometrial polyps
- Intrauterine adhesions
- Congenital uterine abnormalities such as a bicornuate uterus
Hysteroscopy provides a clear view of the endometrial environment and helps guide further fertility treatment if necessary.
Male Infertility Testing
Infertility is not limited to women. Male factors contribute to approximately 30–40% of infertility cases worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).
Common causes of male infertility include:
- Low sperm count (oligospermia)
- Poor sperm motility
- Abnormal sperm morphology
- Absence of sperm in semen (azoospermia)
The primary diagnostic test for male infertility is semen analysis.
Semen Analysis
Semen analysis evaluates several important indicators of sperm health, including:
- Sperm count
- Sperm concentration
- Sperm motility
- Sperm morphology
The results help determine whether male infertility may be caused by conditions such as varicocele or impaired sperm production.
Before the test, patients are usually advised to abstain from ejaculation for 2–4 days to ensure accurate results.
⚠️ Kind Reminder: The fertility evaluations described on this page—including blood tests, transvaginal ultrasound, hysterosalpingography (HSG), hysteroscopy, and semen analysis—often need to be scheduled in stages based on each individual's condition and menstrual cycle. As such, they cannot typically be completed all at once during a standard outpatient visit.
We recommend scheduling a consultation through our clinic, by phone, or via our official LINE account. Our medical team will help design a personalized evaluation plan and arrange an appropriate testing schedule based on your specific needs.
Why Infertility Testing Matters
Identifying the cause of infertility early allows couples to receive timely medical advice and personalized treatment.
By evaluating both female and male reproductive health, infertility testing provides a comprehensive understanding of fertility potential and helps guide the next steps toward achieving pregnancy.
At NUWA Fertility Center, our specialists provide professional fertility evaluation and advanced diagnostic services to support couples on their journey to parenthood.